THE TERM "SCORCHED-EARTH" is used to describe a military policy in which all houses, crops, factories, utilities, etc., in an area are destroyed so that an enemy cannot use them. Putin's invasion of Ukraine is a recent example of this tactic. The United States literally "scorched" the earth during the Vietnam War. The Napoleonic Wars …
Does the Great Commission Apply Today?
IT IS OFTEN SUGGESTED that not every statement Jesus made is for the church today. I recently encountered this argument specific to the Great Commission. Jesus appeared to the disciples in the mountains outside Galilee after His resurrection: “And when they saw him, they worshiped him, but some doubted. And Jesus came and said to …
Apologetics in Post-Christian Culture
APOLOGETICS HAS ITS ORIGIN in Greek rhetorical argument where the proponent presents an ordered defense, including the reasons he or she has for belief in a particular philosophy or religion. There are several ways in which an apologetic can be fashioned. Methods specific to an apologetic for Christianity are Classical, Evidential, Cumulative, and Presuppositional. Each …
The Providence of God
PROVIDENCE IS AMONG THE most frequently misunderstood words in Christian theology. According to Merriam-Webster, providence can be defined as "...divine guidance or care" or "God conceived as the power sustaining and guiding human destiny." The word is also used to identify "God," "deity," or "divine superintendence." Admittedly, providence as a word does not appear in …
Change in Direction
TIMES CHANGE, WE CHANGE. God never changes. There is a sustained reality in the universe (some refer to this as "metanarrative") that defines and upholds all that exists. All religions speak of this. It is the responsibility of every Christian to present for consideration the story of Christianity as more than "just another worldview" among …
History of the Church Part Six: Reaching a Post-Christian Culture
Steven Barto, B.S. Psy., M.A. Theology This is the last in a six-part series on the history of the Christian church. THE LECTURE HALL WAS filled with a low murmur as the professor walked in and placed his soft leather briefcase on the lectern and opened it. He took out a small stack of blank …
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History of the Church Part Five: Colonialism and Evangelism
Steven Barto, B.S., Psy., M.A. Theology SO FAR WE HAVE explored how the Christian church began, the "marks" and underlying doctrine of the Christian church, Islamism and the Crusades, and the impact of dissension and the Protestant Reformation. In Part Five, I will expound on colonialism and evangelism. Of concern to many individuals over the …
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Science and Religion: The Two Must Meet
Written by Steven Barto, B.S. Psy., M.A. Theology The relationship between science and religion has always been complicated. The scientific revolution featured tension and collaboration between religious viewpoints and innovative scientific theories. ALISTER McGRATH SAID, "HISTORICALLY, the most significant understanding of the relation between science and religion is that of 'conflict,' or perhaps even 'warfare'" …
Dark Matter and Other Phenomena
Written by Steven Barto, B.S. Psy., M.A. Theology Religion and science are two of the most significant and contentious cultural and intellectual forces known to man. Leading Christian thinkers at the time of the Renaissance used the metaphor "God's 2 Books" as a way to illustrate allowing both science and religion to tell us about …
Religious Pluralism and Post-Christian Society
Written by Steven Barto, B.S., Psy., M.A. Theology Religious pluralism says all religions are equally valid paths to GodThe Law of Non-Contradiction says two mutually exclusive claims to truth cannot both be trueReligious pluralism fails this Law of logicTwo mutually exclusive religious claims cannot both be true THE VAST MAJORITY OF Americans believe in God …
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